southwest jefferson county mining

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The Southwest Jefferson County Mining Site focuses on an area of approximately 166 square miles located in the southwest quarter of Jefferson County, but encompasses the entire county, excluding the Herculaneum smelter site, due to transportation of lead contaminated soils. Mining activities began in Jefferson County in the early 1800s. Historical records indicate that over 190 potential mining sites were once operating within the site. Mining activities include smelting, with three major smelters located at Valles Mines, Sandy Mines, and Mammoth Mines. Mining at the site was primarily for lead, zinc, and barite. Remnants of milling structures, smelters, chat piles, mill wastes, and the railline running through the county originating in St. Francois County and leading to Herculaneum can be observed at the site. Much of the residential soil lead contamination is due to top soil brought in from mining impacted areas. ` The site has been divided into six operable units (OU) as follows: OU1 Unidentified Sources - Residential Soils OU2 Lubbers - Residential Soils OU3 Stewart - Residential Soils OU4 Unconsolidated Mine Waste OU5 Groundwater OU6 Valles Mines

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